Interferon-induced depression in hepatitis C: an update.

Hepatitis C is a global epidemic, and its costs in both lives and health care expenditures continue to rise. The only approved treatment for this disease, interferon-alpha (IFN), causes treatment-emergent depression in more than one quarter of all patients who take it. Newer preparations of IFN have been developed to increase its antiviral efficacy, but the incidence of treatment-emergent depression has not decreased. The data on the epidemiology and risk factors for interferon-induced depression are reviewed in an effort to delineate its standing as a unique psychiatric disorder. In addition, evidence-based treatment approaches are outlined, including the potential efficacy of preinterferon prophylactic treatment with antidepressants.