Synchronous endoscopic management of bilateral kidney and ureter fungal bezoar.

Candidiasis of the lower urinary tract is common in immunocompromised patients. Diabetes and chronic indwelling catheter are two common risk factors for such opportunistic infections. However, upper urinary candidiasis is rare. Further, bilateral synchronous involvement of kidneys and ureter is extremely rare. Treatment usually requires relief of obstruction by percutaneous drainage of the kidney and systemic infusion or local irrigation of antifungal agents. When these measures fail, percutaneous surgical debulking of the fungal bezoar is indicated. We present a case of obstructive anuria due to fungal bezoar in both the pelvicalyceal system and ureter managed by bilateral synchronous endoscopic removal of fungal bezoar.