Recent developments in the use of adenoviruses and immunotoxins in cancer gene therapy.

Despite setbacks in the past and apparent hurdles ahead, gene therapy is advancing toward reality. The past several years have witnessed this new field of biomedicine developing rapidly both in breadth and depth, especially for the treatment of cancer, thanks largely to the better understanding of molecular and genetic basis of oncogenesis and the development of new and improved vectors and technologies for gene delivery and targeting. This article is intended to provide a brief review of recent advances in cancer gene therapy using adenoviruses, both as vectors and as oncolytic agents, and some of the recent progress in the development of immunotoxins for use in cancer gene therapy.