Laser-modified titanium implants for improved cell adhesion.

Concerning dental implant systems, a main problem is the adhesion of peri-implant mucosa in the cervical region. The aim of the present study was to use a laser for modifying titanium implants to promote mucosal adhesion, which is indispensable as a biological barrier against bacterial infection. By the use of a KrF excimer laser, it was possible to induce a holey structure on the polished area of the implant surface, which was analysed by a scanning electron microscope. In addition, the attachment of fibroblast cells to the created structures was investigated with the aid of an environmental scanning electron microscope. It turned out that the cells preferentially attach to the holey structure. Thereby, the cells form bridges inside, leading to a complete covering of the hole. In this way, a more effective biological barrier against bacteria can be created.