Laparoscopy simulators.

To reduce the complication rate associated with laparoscopic surgery and to improve training, several simulators have been incorporated into training curricula and skills courses. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages and compare the different types of simulators available. We also reviewed the literature to assess the acquisition of skills using these simulators and their transfer to real operations. It is important to realize that currently, any form of simulation is merely an adjunct to, and not a replacement for, traditional methods of training and that supervision and feedback are essential. More collaboration is needed between urologists and simulator companies to produce operation-specific simulated modules for urologic procedures.