Catalytic histochemistry of acid and neutral hydrolases in plant seedlings.

In contrast to human and animal tissues, little information is available on the activity, distribution and functional role of acid and neutral hydrolases in plant cells and tissues. Because it is known that these enzymes are relatively active during germination, they were analysed histochemically during this process using light microscope azo, azoindoxyl, indigogenic and tetrazolium methods. Proteases, glucosidases and glucuronidases could not be detected. Non-specific acid phosphatases were species-independent and showed considerable activities in aleuron and nutritional cells, in other cell types of cotyledon or endosperm tissue and in different types of embryonic cells. Acid glycosidases and non-specific esterases, in contrast, displayed a species-dependent activity and differences in localization. Of the glycosidases, alpha-D-galactosidase was the most active. Non-specific esterases, acid phosphatase and glucosaminidase were also present in the extracellular matrix. During germination, acid hydrolase activity either decreased or increased, depending on the seedling species and enzyme.