A quantitative trait locus on chromosome 18 is a critical determinant of excitotoxic cell death susceptibility.

C57BL/6J (B6) and FVB/NJ (FVB) mice are phenotypically distinct in their susceptibility to seizure-induced cell death after kainate administration. Previous studies using quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping established that the distal region of mouse chromosome 18 contains a gene(s) that is probably responsible for the difference in seizure-induced cell death susceptibility between two inbred strains, B6 and FVB, that are relatively resistant and susceptible, respectively, to seizure-induced cell death. The genetic locus has been mapped to a approximately 12-centimorgan region of chromosome 18, designated as seizure-induced cell death 1 (Sicd1). In order to confirm the Sicd1 QTL, we have developed congenic mouse strains containing the relevant donor segment from the resistant B6 strain on the susceptible FVB background, also referred to as the FVB.B6-Sicd1 congenic strain. Congenic and FVB littermate controls were tested in a seizure-induced cell death paradigm. The presence of B6 chromosome 18 alleles on an FVB genetic background conferred protection against seizure-induced cell death, as compared with FVB littermate controls. To further localize the Sicd1 QTL, new congenic lines carrying overlapping intervals of the B6 segment were created [interval-specific congenic lines (ISCLs)-1-4] and assessed for seizure-induced cell death phenotype. All of the ISCLs exhibited reduced cell death associated with the B6 phenotype, as compared with the parental FVB strain. The most dramatic of these, ISCL-4, showed a nearly four-fold reduction in the extent of seizure-induced cell death. This suggests that ISCL-4 contains the putative gene(s) of the Sicd1 QTL.