Influenza parotitis: a case from the 2004 to 2005 vaccine shortage.

We report a case of acute parotitis due to influenza A in which, unlike other published cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of subtyped influenza A, serological evidence of mumps immunity, and full recovery without antibiotic treatment. In the United States, acute infectious parotitis was historically caused primarily by symptomatic paramyxovirus (mumps) infections, but because of the near-universal administration of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, other infectious and noninfectious etiologies now predominate. We discuss the differential diagnosis and therapeutic and public health considerations of parotitis and influenza. Due to time-sensitive pharmacologic management and possibly far-reaching public health issues, providers should be aware of atypical influenza presentations, such as parotitis.