BACKGROUND: We report on nosocomial infections (NIs), causative organisms, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in neonates who were admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and assess the performance of birth weight (BW) as a variable for risk-stratified NI rate reporting. METHODS: A prospective, 10-year follow-up, open cohort study that involved six Brazilian NICUs was conducted. The NI incidence rates were calculated using different denominators. RESULTS: Six thousand two hundred forty-three newborns and 450 NICU-months of data were available for analysis. This included 3603 NIs that occurred in 2286 newborns over 121,008 patient-days. The most frequent NIs were primary bloodstream infection (pBSI; 45.9%), conjunctivitis (12.1%), skin infections (9.6%), and pneumonia (6.8%). Only the pBSI (but not pneumonia or central venous catheter-related pBSI) rate distribution differed significantly with varying BW. Gram-negative rods (mainly Klebsiella sp. and Escherichia coli) were responsible for 51.6% episodes of pBSI. Gram-positive organisms (mainly coagulase-positive staphylococci) accounted for 37.4%. Candida sp. was the fourth isolated organism. A high resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was recorded in K pneumoniae and E coli isolates. CONCLUSIONS: This report highlights the burden of NI, and identifies the major focus for future NI control and prevention programs. Except for pBSI, BW had a poor performance as a variable for risk-stratified NI rate reporting.
BACKGROUND: We report on nosocomial infections (NIs), causative organisms, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in neonates who were admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and assess the performance of birth weight (BW) as a variable for risk-stratified NI rate reporting. METHODS: A prospective, 10-year follow-up, open cohort study that involved six Brazilian NICUs was conducted. The NI incidence rates were calculated using different denominators. RESULTS: Six thousand two hundred forty-three newborns and 450 NICU-months of data were available for analysis. This included 3603 NIs that occurred in 2286 newborns over 121,008 patient-days. The most frequent NIs were primary bloodstream infection (pBSI; 45.9%), conjunctivitis (12.1%), skin infections (9.6%), and pneumonia (6.8%). Only the pBSI (but not pneumonia or central venous catheter-related pBSI) rate distribution differed significantly with varying BW. Gram-negative rods (mainly Klebsiella sp. and Escherichia coli) were responsible for 51.6% episodes of pBSI. Gram-positive organisms (mainly coagulase-positive staphylococci) accounted for 37.4%. Candida sp. was the fourth isolated organism. A high resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was recorded in K pneumoniae and E coli isolates. CONCLUSIONS: This report highlights the burden of NI, and identifies the major focus for future NI control and prevention programs. Except for pBSI, BW had a poor performance as a variable for risk-stratified NI rate reporting.
Authors: Yoke-Lin Lo; Johan G C van Hasselt; Siow-Chin Heng; Chin-Theam Lim; Toong-Chow Lee; Bruce G Charles Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2010-04-12 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Jonathan A Otter; Bethany Davies; Esse Menson; John L Klein; Timothy L Watts; Angela M Kearns; Bruno Pichon; Jonathan D Edgeworth; Gary L French Journal: J Infect Prev Date: 2014-02-11
Authors: André Ricardo Araujo da Silva; Maria Luiza Costa de Lima Simões; Lúcia dos Santos Werneck; Cristiane Henriques Teixeira Journal: Rev Bras Ter Intensiva Date: 2013 Jul-Sep
Authors: Polly Soo Xi Yap; Azanna Ahmad Kamar; Chun Wie Chong; Ivan Kok Seng Yap; Kwai Lin Thong; Yao Mun Choo; Mohd Yasim Md Yusof; Cindy Shuan Ju Teh Journal: Pathog Glob Health Date: 2016-09-21 Impact factor: 2.894