CONTEXT: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis usually affects severely immunosuppressed individuals. However, some exceptional and isolated cases of CMV retinitis have been described in immunocompetent patients. METHODS: We report two cases of non-immunodeficient patients seen in our institution over a period of 6 months, who presented with CMV retinitis a few weeks after an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. RESULTS: Although the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CMV in an immunocompetent patient's eye have not yet been precisely established, the well known immunosuppressive properties of corticosteroids suggest that triamcinolone probably plays a role in the endogenous reactivation of latent CMV. CONCLUSIONS: Our two patients received high doses of triamcinolone. Both had also pseudophakia, vitrectomy and a past medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Such features, individually or combined, may be risk factors for local reactivation of CMV and should be considered prior to the administration of triamcinolone acetonide in ophthalmology.
CONTEXT: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis usually affects severely immunosuppressed individuals. However, some exceptional and isolated cases of CMV retinitis have been described in immunocompetent patients. METHODS: We report two cases of non-immunodeficientpatients seen in our institution over a period of 6 months, who presented with CMV retinitis a few weeks after an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. RESULTS: Although the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CMV in an immunocompetent patient's eye have not yet been precisely established, the well known immunosuppressive properties of corticosteroids suggest that triamcinolone probably plays a role in the endogenous reactivation of latent CMV. CONCLUSIONS: Our two patients received high doses of triamcinolone. Both had also pseudophakia, vitrectomy and a past medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Such features, individually or combined, may be risk factors for local reactivation of CMV and should be considered prior to the administration of triamcinolone acetonide in ophthalmology.
Authors: Ako Takakura; Howard H Tessler; Debra A Goldstein; Yan Guex-Crosier; Chi-Chao Chan; Diane M Brown; Jennifer E Thorne; Robert Wang; Emmett T Cunningham Journal: Ocul Immunol Inflamm Date: 2014-03-21 Impact factor: 3.070