Treatment goals for the management of lipids and inflammation for patients with coronary artery disease.

Appropriate management of lipids is a central component of risk reduction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). According to the most recent guidelines, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) is the principal target of lipid-lowering therapy and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are the mainstay of this therapy. The actual target level of LDL lowering is being reassessed in light of recent clinical trials. Once appropriate LDL lowering has been achieved, treatment of other targets such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglycerides, and non-HDLC should be considered. In addition to dyslipidemia, multiple observational studies suggest that inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with risk of cardiovascular events and that treatment with statins may lower CRP levels. However, there are insufficient data at this time supporting treatment of CRP as a principal target in CAD.