A A Haghdoost1, N Alexander. 1. Kerman University of Medical Science, Physiology Research Centre, Jomhoori Islami Blvd, Kerman, Iran. Ahaghdoost@kmu.ac.ir
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to quantify the interaction between Plasmodium falciparum and R vivax and the sources of heterogeneity between studies. METHODS: We systematically reviewed three databases: Medline (1966-2001), Embase (1980-2001) and CAB-health (1976-2001). Random effects meta-analysis was applied to the data of 62 selected populations. Meta-regression was used to assess the following potential sources of heterogeneity: age-group, presence of fever, continent, temporal and spatial span of studies, and endemicity level. RESULTS: The summary odds ratio (OR) between P. falciparum and P. vivax was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.49-0.79). The minimum and maximum observed ORs were 0.01 and 10.9, respectively, and the heterogeneity test was highly significant (tau2 = 0.92, p < 0.0001)--the ORs varied over a very wide range. The ORs in longer studies and in those from areas with higher prevalence yielded smaller, more strongly negative association. This is consistent with the idea that any difference in the species' temporal patterns should decrease the OR, and more so over longer periods of time. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Although such odds ratios between Plasmodium species may be partly due to missed mixed infections when reading blood slides, the negative association between the OR and prevalence supports the existence of biological interactions such as suppression or cross-immunity between species.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to quantify the interaction between Plasmodium falciparum and R vivax and the sources of heterogeneity between studies. METHODS: We systematically reviewed three databases: Medline (1966-2001), Embase (1980-2001) and CAB-health (1976-2001). Random effects meta-analysis was applied to the data of 62 selected populations. Meta-regression was used to assess the following potential sources of heterogeneity: age-group, presence of fever, continent, temporal and spatial span of studies, and endemicity level. RESULTS: The summary odds ratio (OR) between P. falciparum and P. vivax was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.49-0.79). The minimum and maximum observed ORs were 0.01 and 10.9, respectively, and the heterogeneity test was highly significant (tau2 = 0.92, p < 0.0001)--the ORs varied over a very wide range. The ORs in longer studies and in those from areas with higher prevalence yielded smaller, more strongly negative association. This is consistent with the idea that any difference in the species' temporal patterns should decrease the OR, and more so over longer periods of time. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Although such odds ratios between Plasmodium species may be partly due to missed mixed infections when reading blood slides, the negative association between the OR and prevalence supports the existence of biological interactions such as suppression or cross-immunity between species.
Authors: Richard J Maude; Chea Nguon; Po Ly; Tol Bunkea; Pengby Ngor; Sara E Canavati de la Torre; Nicholas J White; Arjen M Dondorp; Nicholas P J Day; Lisa J White; Char Meng Chuor Journal: Malar J Date: 2014-09-30 Impact factor: 2.979
Authors: Srean Chhim; Patrice Piola; Tambri Housen; Vincent Herbreteau; Bunkea Tol Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-02-18 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Aurel Holzschuh; Maria Gruenberg; Natalie E Hofmann; Rahel Wampfler; Benson Kiniboro; Leanne J Robinson; Ivo Mueller; Ingrid Felger; Michael T White Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2022-09-13