External rhinoplasties: indications for use.

The technique, indications and role of external rhinoplasty in nasal surgery are presented. The technique has been utilised in 563 patients with a minimum follow-up of 18 months. The external approach has been especially helpful in the severely twisted nose, secondary rhinoplasty, augmentation rhinoplasty, congenital deformities of the nose, closure of septal perforations and in the teaching and learning of rhinoplasty. In this series there were no reported complications attributable to the external approach.