Emerging monoclonal antibody therapies for malignant gliomas.

An improved understanding of the molecular characteristics of gliomas has led to the recognition of potential antigen targets and monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies for these challenging tumors. The design of glioma mAbs--including species, construct, immunoglobulin isotype and conjugate--affects their delivery, efficacy and toxicities. mAbs that are under study for glioma therapy include some mAbs that are currently approved for use in the treatment of other cancers, as well as novel molecules. Although the greatest experience so far is with locally administered, radiolabeled mAbs, systemic unconjugated mAbs are being studied increasingly for glioma treatment. Previous experience with mAbs in other malignancies may provide guidance for their use in the treatment of CNS malignancies.