INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, deforming arthritis that can lead to disabilities and poor quality of life. Cytokines are protein mediators of inflammation and are produced as a result of the activation of various cellular reactions. They are the final mediators and/or regulators of the inflammatory process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sera from 64 RA patients were assayed for both Th-1 and Th-2 related cytokines and soluble TNF-alpha receptors (IFN-gamma, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, sTNF-R1 and sTNFR2) using ELISA. RESULTS: The pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and TNF- alpha) were significantly elevated in RA patients, while TGF-beta, an immunomodulatory cytokine, was elevated in control individuals. When the RA patients were categorised as active or inactive based on DAS scores, similar cytokines profiles were observed in both RA sub-groups. However, assays of sTNF-R1 and sTNFR-2 were noted to be significantly elevated in inactive RA patients when compared to active patients. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that local production of cytokine inhibitors is capable of diminishing disease activity and cytokine activity.
INTRODUCTION:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, deforming arthritis that can lead to disabilities and poor quality of life. Cytokines are protein mediators of inflammation and are produced as a result of the activation of various cellular reactions. They are the final mediators and/or regulators of the inflammatory process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sera from 64 RApatients were assayed for both Th-1 and Th-2 related cytokines and soluble TNF-alpha receptors (IFN-gamma, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, sTNF-R1 and sTNFR2) using ELISA. RESULTS: The pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and TNF- alpha) were significantly elevated in RApatients, while TGF-beta, an immunomodulatory cytokine, was elevated in control individuals. When the RApatients were categorised as active or inactive based on DAS scores, similar cytokines profiles were observed in both RA sub-groups. However, assays of sTNF-R1 and sTNFR-2 were noted to be significantly elevated in inactive RApatients when compared to active patients. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that local production of cytokine inhibitors is capable of diminishing disease activity and cytokine activity.
Authors: Ildar I Sadreev; Michael Z Q Chen; Yoshinori Umezawa; Vadim N Biktashev; Claudia Kemper; Diana V Salakhieva; Gavin I Welsh; Nikolay V Kotov Journal: Immunology Date: 2017-11-22 Impact factor: 7.397
Authors: Linda N Liu; Gang Wang; Kyle Hendricks; Keunmyoung Lee; Ernst Bohnlein; Uwe Junker; Joseph D Mosca Journal: Stem Cells Transl Med Date: 2013-04-16 Impact factor: 6.940