BACKGROUND: Cancerous ovarian tissues contain and produce high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha). The aim of this study was to assess the mechanisms by which autocrine IL-6 affects the ovarian carcinoma continuous cell line (SKOV-3) tumorigenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Autocrine IL-6 was neutralized by the addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures. The proliferation rate was evaluated by MMT staining and the capacity to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 was examined by zymography. RESULTS: The SKOV-3 cells secreted IL-6 in a time-dependent manner (24-96 h). The addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures did not affect their proliferation rate within 96 h of incubation. In addition, SKOV-3 cells secreted MMP-2 and MMP-9 as confirmed by zymography. The MMP-9 levels decreased in a time-dependent manner (3, 8, 24 h) and the addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures significantly decreased their capacity to secrete MMP-9, particularly after 8 h of incubation. MMP-2 (pro-active and active forms) was also secreted by SKOV-3 cell cultures but could be measured only after 24-96 h of incubation. The levels of MMP-2 increased in a time-dependent manner. The addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures did not affect their capacity to secrete MMP-2. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that IL-6 secreted by SKOV-3 cells could be involved in their tumorigenic potential, particularly potentiating their capacity to secrete MMP-9.
BACKGROUND:Cancerous ovarian tissues contain and produce high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha). The aim of this study was to assess the mechanisms by which autocrine IL-6 affects the ovarian carcinoma continuous cell line (SKOV-3) tumorigenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Autocrine IL-6 was neutralized by the addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures. The proliferation rate was evaluated by MMT staining and the capacity to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 was examined by zymography. RESULTS: The SKOV-3 cells secreted IL-6 in a time-dependent manner (24-96 h). The addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures did not affect their proliferation rate within 96 h of incubation. In addition, SKOV-3 cells secreted MMP-2 and MMP-9 as confirmed by zymography. The MMP-9 levels decreased in a time-dependent manner (3, 8, 24 h) and the addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures significantly decreased their capacity to secrete MMP-9, particularly after 8 h of incubation. MMP-2 (pro-active and active forms) was also secreted by SKOV-3 cell cultures but could be measured only after 24-96 h of incubation. The levels of MMP-2 increased in a time-dependent manner. The addition of anti-IL-6 antibodies to SKOV-3 cell cultures did not affect their capacity to secrete MMP-2. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that IL-6 secreted by SKOV-3 cells could be involved in their tumorigenic potential, particularly potentiating their capacity to secrete MMP-9.
Authors: Hyun-Jin Choi; Guillermo N Armaiz Pena; Sunila Pradeep; Min Soon Cho; Robert L Coleman; Anil K Sood Journal: Cancer Metastasis Rev Date: 2015-03 Impact factor: 9.264
Authors: Michael Hedvat; Dennis Huszar; Andreas Herrmann; Joseph M Gozgit; Anne Schroeder; Adam Sheehy; Ralf Buettner; David Proia; Claudia M Kowolik; Hong Xin; Brian Armstrong; Geraldine Bebernitz; Shaobu Weng; Lin Wang; Minwei Ye; Kristen McEachern; Huawei Chen; Deborah Morosini; Kirsten Bell; Marat Alimzhanov; Stephanos Ioannidis; Patricia McCoon; Zhu A Cao; Hua Yu; Richard Jove; Michael Zinda Journal: Cancer Cell Date: 2009-12-08 Impact factor: 31.743