Modern management of vestibular schwannomas.

Within the last 3 decades, microsurgery and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have become well-established management options for vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Advancement in the management of VSs can be separated into three periods: the microsurgical pioneer period, the demonstration of SRS as a first-line therapy for small and medium-sized VSs, and currently, a period of SRS maturity based on a large worldwide patient accrual. The Marseille SRS experience includes 1,500 patients, with 1,000 patients having follow-up longer than 3 years. A long-term tumor control rate of 97%, transient facial palsy lower than 1%, and a probability of functional hearing preservation between 50 and 95% was achieved in this large series of patients treated with state-of-the-art SRS.