Efficient and color-tunable Mn-doped ZnSe nanocrystal emitters: control of optical performance via greener synthetic chemistry.

Formation of Mn-doped ZnSe quantum dots (Mn:ZnSe d-dots) using nucleation-doping strategy was studied systematically and optimized through greener approaches. The resulting d-dots were with high ( approximately 50%) photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY), which was achieved by the controlled formation of small-sized MnSe nanoclusters as the core and a diffused interface between the nanocluster core and the ZnSe overcoating layers. Synthesis of the d-dots under high temperatures (240-300 degrees C) was achieved by varying the structure of the metal carboxylate precursors, concentration of the inhibitors, free fatty acid, and concentration of the activation reagents, fatty amines. Highly emissive d-dots synthesized under desired conditions were found to be extremely stable upon thermal treatment up to the boiling point of the solvent (about 300 degrees C), which was quantitatively studied using in situ measurements. The PL peak of the d-dots was controllably tuned in a surprisingly large optical window, from 565 to 610 nm. These highly emissive and stable d-dots possess characteristics of practical emissive materials, especially for applications requiring high power, high concentration of emitters, and under tough conditions.