R Armitage1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48105, USA. rosearmi@med.umich.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Self-reported sleep disturbances are present in over 80% of patients with depression. However, sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings, based on overnight polysomnography have not always differentiated depressed patients from healthy individuals. METHOD: The present paper will review the findings on sleep EEG studies in depression highlighting how recent technological and methodological advances have impacted on study outcomes. RESULTS: The majority of studies, including our own work, do indicate that sleep homeostasis and sleep EEG rhythms are abnormal in depression, but the sleep disturbances were strongly moderated by gender and age. Melancholic features of depression correlated significantly with low slow-wave activity in depressed men, but not in depressed women. Women with depression showed low temporal coherence of sleep EEG rhythms but the presence or absence of melancholic features did not influence correlations. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic classification schemas and clinical features of depression may influence sleep EEG findings, but gender may be a more important consideration.
OBJECTIVE: Self-reported sleep disturbances are present in over 80% of patients with depression. However, sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings, based on overnight polysomnography have not always differentiated depressed patients from healthy individuals. METHOD: The present paper will review the findings on sleep EEG studies in depression highlighting how recent technological and methodological advances have impacted on study outcomes. RESULTS: The majority of studies, including our own work, do indicate that sleep homeostasis and sleep EEG rhythms are abnormal in depression, but the sleep disturbances were strongly moderated by gender and age. Melancholic features of depression correlated significantly with low slow-wave activity in depressed men, but not in depressed women. Women with depression showed low temporal coherence of sleep EEG rhythms but the presence or absence of melancholic features did not influence correlations. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic classification schemas and clinical features of depression may influence sleep EEG findings, but gender may be a more important consideration.
Authors: Gordon Parker; Max Fink; Edward Shorter; Michael Alan Taylor; Hagop Akiskal; German Berrios; Tom Bolwig; Walter A Brown; Bernard Carroll; David Healy; Donald F Klein; Athanasios Koukopoulos; Robert Michels; Joel Paris; Robert T Rubin; Robert Spitzer; Conrad Swartz Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Cui Lijun; Li Ke-Qing; Sun Xiuli; Cui Ze; Jiang Qinpu; Han Yanchao; Gao Lianghui; Zhang Yang; Li Jianfeng; Liu Yongqiao; Yang Laohu; Lv Hua Journal: Prim Care Companion CNS Disord Date: 2012-12-13