Manuel Matas1. 1. Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. mmatas@mts.net
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the etiology, diagnosis, and management of attention deficit disorder (ADD) in adults. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: PsycINFO, PubMed, and Psychiatry 24x7.com were searched. Several books on ADD in adults were reviewed. I also drew on my own clinical experience assessing and treating adults with ADD for more than 20 years. MAIN MESSAGE: The classic triad of ADD symptoms are inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity or restlessness. Although ADD is a well established brain disorder, the diagnosis remains controversial. Attention deficit disorder has been called a fad, not a legitimate diagnosis, but it is a well established, well documented, medical condition that can cause much suffering if left untreated. At one time we thought children would outgrow ADD at puberty, but we now know that many will continue to have residual symptoms throughout adolescence and adulthood. If left untreated, ADD can interfere with relationships, employment, and self-esteem. Treatment with stimulants and adjunctive care is often effective. CONCLUSION: Attention deficit disorder in adults represents a substantial burden of illness. It can be diagnosed and treated successfully.
OBJECTIVE: To review the etiology, diagnosis, and management of attention deficit disorder (ADD) in adults. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: PsycINFO, PubMed, and Psychiatry 24x7.com were searched. Several books on ADD in adults were reviewed. I also drew on my own clinical experience assessing and treating adults with ADD for more than 20 years. MAIN MESSAGE: The classic triad of ADD symptoms are inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity or restlessness. Although ADD is a well established brain disorder, the diagnosis remains controversial. Attention deficit disorder has been called a fad, not a legitimate diagnosis, but it is a well established, well documented, medical condition that can cause much suffering if left untreated. At one time we thought children would outgrow ADD at puberty, but we now know that many will continue to have residual symptoms throughout adolescence and adulthood. If left untreated, ADD can interfere with relationships, employment, and self-esteem. Treatment with stimulants and adjunctive care is often effective. CONCLUSION:Attention deficit disorder in adults represents a substantial burden of illness. It can be diagnosed and treated successfully.
Authors: A J Zametkin; T E Nordahl; M Gross; A C King; W E Semple; J Rumsey; S Hamburger; R M Cohen Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1990-11-15 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: G Bush; J A Frazier; S L Rauch; L J Seidman; P J Whalen; M A Jenike; B R Rosen; J Biederman Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 1999-06-15 Impact factor: 13.382