The time course of lymphatic routes emanating from the peritoneal cavity in rats.

The lymph drainage routes from the abdominal cavity in rats were observed at 3 min, 1, 2 and 4 h after India ink was administered intraperitoneally. Four systems of lymph drainage routes from the peritoneal cavity were observed. Three minutes after injection, the drainage route travelled via the intrathoracic lymph vessels located along the internal thoracic artery and returned to the anterior mediastinal lymph nodes. One hour after injection, the drainage route travelled via the lymph vessel located along the left phrenic nerve in addition to the drainage route observed at 3 min. Two and four hours after injection, in addition to the above-mentioned routes, the drainage that had travelled via the thoracic duct continued along the right side of the aorta and was also observed in the lateral lymph vessel located on the vertebra. These findings suggest that lymph or cells absorbed into the peritoneal cavity at first travel towards the anterior mediastinal lymph nodes in the thorax via the ventral lymphatic channels, and then gradually course through the dorsal lymphatic channels. These routes may serve as a route for transporting cancer cells and other cells from the peritoneal cavity.