BACKGROUND: There is a west-east mortality gradient in Europe, more pronounced in men. The objective of this article was to quantify the contribution of alcohol use to the gap in premature adult mortality between three old (France, Sweden and United Kingdom) and four new (Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland) European Union (EU) member states for the year 2002. Russia was added as an external comparator. METHODS: Exposure data were taken from surveys and per capita consumption records from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Alcohol Database. Mortality data were taken from the WHO databank. The risk relationships were taken from published meta-analyses and from the WHO Comparative Risk Assessment project. Alcohol exposure and relative risk information was combined to derive alcohol-attributable fractions for relevant causes of premature mortality. RESULTS: Alcohol consumption was responsible for 14.6% of all premature adult mortality in the eight countries, 17.3% in men and 8.0% in women. This proportion was clearly higher in the new EU member states and Russia compared with the comparison countries from the old EU. For men, Russia with 29.0 alcohol-attributable premature deaths per 10,000 population had a more than 10-fold higher rate compared with Sweden (2.7 deaths/10,000). For women, the ratio between Hungary (5.0 alcohol-attributable deaths/10,000) and Russia (4.7 deaths/10,000) compared with Sweden (0.5 deaths/10,000) was almost as high, but the rates were much lower. The Czech Republic and Poland showed proportionally less alcohol-attributable premature mortality than the other new EU member states or Russia for both genders, which, however, was still higher than in any of the old EU member states. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol is a strong contributor to the health gap between western and central and eastern Europe, with both average volume of consumption and patterns of drinking contributing to burden of disease and injury. Alcohol also contributes substantially to male-female differences in mortality and life expectancy. However, there are feasible and cost-effective measures to reduce alcohol-related burden that should be implemented in central and eastern Europe.
BACKGROUND: There is a west-east mortality gradient in Europe, more pronounced in men. The objective of this article was to quantify the contribution of alcohol use to the gap in premature adult mortality between three old (France, Sweden and United Kingdom) and four new (Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland) European Union (EU) member states for the year 2002. Russia was added as an external comparator. METHODS: Exposure data were taken from surveys and per capita consumption records from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Alcohol Database. Mortality data were taken from the WHO databank. The risk relationships were taken from published meta-analyses and from the WHO Comparative Risk Assessment project. Alcohol exposure and relative risk information was combined to derive alcohol-attributable fractions for relevant causes of premature mortality. RESULTS:Alcohol consumption was responsible for 14.6% of all premature adult mortality in the eight countries, 17.3% in men and 8.0% in women. This proportion was clearly higher in the new EU member states and Russia compared with the comparison countries from the old EU. For men, Russia with 29.0 alcohol-attributable premature deaths per 10,000 population had a more than 10-fold higher rate compared with Sweden (2.7 deaths/10,000). For women, the ratio between Hungary (5.0 alcohol-attributable deaths/10,000) and Russia (4.7 deaths/10,000) compared with Sweden (0.5 deaths/10,000) was almost as high, but the rates were much lower. The Czech Republic and Poland showed proportionally less alcohol-attributable premature mortality than the other new EU member states or Russia for both genders, which, however, was still higher than in any of the old EU member states. CONCLUSIONS:Alcohol is a strong contributor to the health gap between western and central and eastern Europe, with both average volume of consumption and patterns of drinking contributing to burden of disease and injury. Alcohol also contributes substantially to male-female differences in mortality and life expectancy. However, there are feasible and cost-effective measures to reduce alcohol-related burden that should be implemented in central and eastern Europe.
Authors: Sonya S Shin; Trini A Mathew; Galina V Yanova; Garrett M Fitzmaurice; Viktoriya Livchits; Sergey A Yanov; Aivar K Strelis; Sergey P Mishustin; Nicolai A Bokhan; Charmaine S Lastimoso; Hilary S Connery; Jessica E Hart; Shelly F Greenfield Journal: Cent Eur J Public Health Date: 2010-09 Impact factor: 1.163
Authors: Jürgen Rehm; Dolly Baliunas; Guilherme L G Borges; Kathryn Graham; Hyacinth Irving; Tara Kehoe; Charles D Parry; Jayadeep Patra; Svetlana Popova; Vladimir Poznyak; Michael Roerecke; Robin Room; Andriy V Samokhvalov; Benjamin Taylor Journal: Addiction Date: 2010-03-15 Impact factor: 6.526
Authors: Michie N Hesselbrock; Victor M Hesselbrock; Grace Chan; Frances Del Boca; Karen Chartier Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2020-07-23 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Jaroslav A Hubacek; Hynek Pikhart; Anne Peasey; Ruzena Kubinova; Martin Bobak Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2011-12-07 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Piotr Wozniak; Rebecca Cunningham; Sonia Kamat; Kristen L Barry; Frederic C Blow; Andrzej S Zawadzki Journal: Int J Emerg Med Date: 2010-05-13
Authors: Suzanne Polinder; Juanita A Haagsma; Hidde Toet; Marco J P Brugmans; Ed F van Beeck Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-01-29 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Katja Breitkopf; Laura E Nagy; Juliane I Beier; Sebastian Mueller; Honglei Weng; Steven Dooley Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2009-07-23 Impact factor: 3.455