V Chaudhuri1, L Zhou, M Karasek. 1. Department of Dermatology, Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The myofibroblast plays a central role in wound contraction and in the pathology of fibrosis. The origin(s) of this important cell type in skin has not been firmly established. METHODS: Human epithelioid dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) were isolated from foreskin tissue and maintained in cell culture. The transformation of epithelioid HDMEC into myofibroblasts (EMT) was induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the transformed cells were characterized by electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: After short-term exposure to IL-1beta or TNF-alpha (<3 days), EMT was reversible; after long-term exposure (>10 days), EMT was permanent. The transformed cells were identified as myofibroblasts by cytoplasmic microfilaments with dense bodies and attachment plaques, by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, type I collagen and calponin, and by quantitative RT-PCR gene expression of type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to TNF-alpha or IL-1beta induced the permanent transformation of HDMEC into myofibroblasts in cell culture. A similar transformation following chronic inflammatory stimulation in vivo may explain one source of myofibroblasts in skin fibrogenesis.
BACKGROUND: The myofibroblast plays a central role in wound contraction and in the pathology of fibrosis. The origin(s) of this important cell type in skin has not been firmly established. METHODS:Human epithelioid dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) were isolated from foreskin tissue and maintained in cell culture. The transformation of epithelioid HDMEC into myofibroblasts (EMT) was induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the transformed cells were characterized by electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: After short-term exposure to IL-1beta or TNF-alpha (<3 days), EMT was reversible; after long-term exposure (>10 days), EMT was permanent. The transformed cells were identified as myofibroblasts by cytoplasmic microfilaments with dense bodies and attachment plaques, by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, type I collagen and calponin, and by quantitative RT-PCR gene expression of type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to TNF-alpha or IL-1beta induced the permanent transformation of HDMEC into myofibroblasts in cell culture. A similar transformation following chronic inflammatory stimulation in vivo may explain one source of myofibroblasts in skin fibrogenesis.
Authors: Xionglin Chen; Min Zhang; Xueer Wang; Yinghua Chen; Yuan Yan; Lu Zhang; Lin Zhang Journal: Am J Transl Res Date: 2017-05-15 Impact factor: 4.060
Authors: Florian Rieder; Sean P Kessler; Gail A West; Shardul Bhilocha; Carol de la Motte; Tammy M Sadler; Banu Gopalan; Eleni Stylianou; Claudio Fiocchi Journal: Am J Pathol Date: 2011-09-21 Impact factor: 4.307
Authors: Cynthia G El Kahi; Bishara S Atiyeh; Inaya Abdallah Hajj Hussein; Rosalyne Jurjus; Saad A Dibo; Alice Jurjus; Abdo Jurjus Journal: Int Wound J Date: 2009-06 Impact factor: 3.315