Anatomy of the thoracic splanchnic nerves in pigs.

The anatomical features of the autonomous nerves, including the greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves, were examined in 4 female and 4 male adult pigs (Sus scrofa). The origin and course of these nerves were examined with regard to sex and the side of the body. The greater splanchnic nerve was present in all of the animals included in the study, whereas the lesser splanchnic nerve was present at a rate of 87.5% on the right side and 75% on the left side of the median plane. On the other hand, the least splanchnic nerve was present on the right side at a rate of 62.5% and on the left side at a rate of 37.5%. The greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves on the right side of the median plane were determined to originate from a more cranial location. Furthermore, these nerves were observed to be longer and larger on the right side in comparison with the left side. Evaluation of the findings revealed no significant difference between both sides of the median plane with regard to the origin, course and dimensions of these nerves. Similarly, no significant difference was detected between sexes.