BACKGROUND: Goal-directed training is an activity-based approach to therapy. Meaningful, client-selected goals are used to provide opportunities for problem solving and to indirectly drive the movements required to successfully meet the task demands. This is in contrast to interventions that focus on changing body functions. Here, the principles of goal-directed training will be studied through two case studies with the aim of linking theories of treatment to clinical practice. PRINCIPLES ILLUSTRATED: The approach is based on the dynamic systems motor control theory and occupation-based therapy models, which suggest that movement patterns emerge from the interaction between the person's abilities, environment and the goal. Motor learning principles are applied to structure and schedule practice. THEORY IN PRACTICE: Four components provide the basis for goal-directed training: (1) selection of a meaningful goal; (2) analysis of baseline performance; (3) intervention/ practice regime; and (4) evaluation of outcome. Two individuals with acquired brain injury practised self-care tasks: eating and tying hair into a ponytail. Intensive training was undertaken over four weeks and the intervention outcome measured using the Goal Attainment Scale. CONCLUSIONS: The positive achievements in the self-care tasks illustrated that theories of motor control and motor learning can be applied to goal-directed training. The examples demonstrated that the approach could be applied to individuals with a range of abilities.
BACKGROUND: Goal-directed training is an activity-based approach to therapy. Meaningful, client-selected goals are used to provide opportunities for problem solving and to indirectly drive the movements required to successfully meet the task demands. This is in contrast to interventions that focus on changing body functions. Here, the principles of goal-directed training will be studied through two case studies with the aim of linking theories of treatment to clinical practice. PRINCIPLES ILLUSTRATED: The approach is based on the dynamic systems motor control theory and occupation-based therapy models, which suggest that movement patterns emerge from the interaction between the person's abilities, environment and the goal. Motor learning principles are applied to structure and schedule practice. THEORY IN PRACTICE: Four components provide the basis for goal-directed training: (1) selection of a meaningful goal; (2) analysis of baseline performance; (3) intervention/ practice regime; and (4) evaluation of outcome. Two individuals with acquired brain injury practised self-care tasks: eating and tying hair into a ponytail. Intensive training was undertaken over four weeks and the intervention outcome measured using the Goal Attainment Scale. CONCLUSIONS: The positive achievements in the self-care tasks illustrated that theories of motor control and motor learning can be applied to goal-directed training. The examples demonstrated that the approach could be applied to individuals with a range of abilities.
Authors: Ander Ramos-Murguialday; Marco R Curado; Doris Broetz; Özge Yilmaz; Fabricio L Brasil; Giulia Liberati; Eliana Garcia-Cossio; Woosang Cho; Andrea Caria; Leonardo G Cohen; Niels Birbaumer Journal: Neurorehabil Neural Repair Date: 2019-02-05 Impact factor: 3.919
Authors: William M M Levack; Mark Weatherall; E Jean C Hay-Smith; Sarah G Dean; Kathryn McPherson; Richard J Siegert Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2015-07-20
Authors: Annick A A Timmermans; Ryanne J M Lemmens; Maurice Monfrance; Richard P J Geers; Wilbert Bakx; Rob J E M Smeets; Henk A M Seelen Journal: J Neuroeng Rehabil Date: 2014-03-31 Impact factor: 4.262