Molecular cloning of a putative plant endomembrane protein resembling vertebrate protein disulfide-isomerase and a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C.

cDNA clones containing sequence similarity to the multifunctional vertebrate protein disulfide-isomerase (PDI, EC 5.3.4.1) were isolated from an alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cDNA library by screening with a cDNA sequence encoding human PDI. The polypeptide encoded by a clone designated B2 consisted of 512 amino acids and was characterized by a 24-amino acid hydrophobic leader sequence, two regions with absolute identity to the vertebrate PDI active site (Ala-Pro-Trp-Cys-Gly-His-Cys-Lys), and a C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum retention signal (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu). The overall identity of the B2 sequence to that of human PDI was 35% at the amino acid level (79% when conservative substitutions were included) and 39% at the nucleotide level; this included homology between B2 and the region of human PDI believed to be involved in binding estrogens. The deduced amino acid sequence of B2 was also 35% identical to that of a rat form I phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. Lysates from Escherichia coli cells harboring an expression plasmid bearing the B2 sequence contained significantly elevated levels of PDI activity. Southern analysis indicated the presence of a small PDI-related gene family in alfalfa, of which B2 appeared to correspond to a single gene. An approximately 2-kilobase B2 transcript was expressed in all alfalfa organs tested. In alfalfa cell suspension cultures, B2 transcripts were strongly induced by tunicamycin but not by exposure to fungal elicitor.