OBJECTIVE: Increased proteolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-3 and MMP-9 are associated with premature rupture of membranes at term. However, it is unclear whether MMP-2 is involved in the premature rupture of membranes. In this study, to elucidate the role of MMP-2, we evaluated the activity of MMP-2 and also the expression of pro-MMP-2, membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in premature rupture of membranes. METHODS: Amniochorions were prepared from 29 subjects with no labor (cesarean section; CS, n = 10), labor (normal delivery; ND, n = 10), and labor during premature rupture of membranes (PROM, n = 9). MMP-2 activity was spectrophotometrically assayed by measuring the digestion of an MMP-2-specific substrate. The levels of pro-MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-1 were determined by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS: The activity of MMP-2 in PROM was significantly higher than that in CS and ND (P <.05). In addition, the levels of MT1-MMP, an activator of MMP-2, were higher in PROM than in CS and ND. In contrast, the level of TIMP-1, an inhibitor of MMP-2 was substantially lower in PROM than CS and ND. Moreover, the levels of pro-MMP-2 were increased more significantly in PROM and ND than in CS (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the increased expression of pro-MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decreased expression of TIMP-1 may result in the increased activity of MMP-2, which is involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) of fetal membrane, thereby inducing the premature rupture of membranes at term.
OBJECTIVE: Increased proteolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-3 and MMP-9 are associated with premature rupture of membranes at term. However, it is unclear whether MMP-2 is involved in the premature rupture of membranes. In this study, to elucidate the role of MMP-2, we evaluated the activity of MMP-2 and also the expression of pro-MMP-2, membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in premature rupture of membranes. METHODS: Amniochorions were prepared from 29 subjects with no labor (cesarean section; CS, n = 10), labor (normal delivery; ND, n = 10), and labor during premature rupture of membranes (PROM, n = 9). MMP-2 activity was spectrophotometrically assayed by measuring the digestion of an MMP-2-specific substrate. The levels of pro-MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-1 were determined by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS: The activity of MMP-2 in PROM was significantly higher than that in CS and ND (P <.05). In addition, the levels of MT1-MMP, an activator of MMP-2, were higher in PROM than in CS and ND. In contrast, the level of TIMP-1, an inhibitor of MMP-2 was substantially lower in PROM than CS and ND. Moreover, the levels of pro-MMP-2 were increased more significantly in PROM and ND than in CS (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the increased expression of pro-MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decreased expression of TIMP-1 may result in the increased activity of MMP-2, which is involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) of fetal membrane, thereby inducing the premature rupture of membranes at term.
Authors: E M Joyce; P Diaz; S Tamarkin; R Moore; A Strohl; B Stetzer; D Kumar; M S Sacks; J J Moore Journal: Placenta Date: 2015-12-20 Impact factor: 3.481
Authors: Victor A Rosenberg; Irina A Buhimschi; Antonette T Dulay; Sonya S Abdel-Razeq; Emily A Oliver; Christina M Duzyj; Heather Lipkind; Christian M Pettker; Catalin S Buhimschi Journal: Am J Reprod Immunol Date: 2011-10-13 Impact factor: 3.886
Authors: Alessandro Trentini; Martina Maritati; Carlo Cervellati; Maria C Manfrinato; Arianna Gonelli; Carlo A Volta; Fortunato Vesce; Pantaleo Greco; Franco Dallocchio; Tiziana Bellini; Carlo Contini Journal: Mediators Inflamm Date: 2016-10-31 Impact factor: 4.711