BACKGROUND: The Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) is a widely used rating scale to assess premorbid functioning retrospectively. Despite its widespread use there is no published structured interview (SI) schedule and little is known about the reliability of the instrument. OBJECTIVE: To design and test the reliability of a structured interview schedule for the PAS, the PAS-SI, across different cultures. METHODS: Starting from PAS items and response options, questions were prepared that lead to a response option. Instructions to skip certain items, for example, quality of friendships after a person noted no friends, were provided. Additional instructions were prepared including guidelines to determine the first onset of psychotic symptoms thereby ensuring that the interview is only directed to premorbid functioning. The interview was translated from English into Hebrew, Portuguese, French, Dutch (Flemish), Turkish, Italian, Lithuanian, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, and Romanian and tested for inter-rater reliability "in nine of these languages". Eighty-four psychiatrists from 10 different countries acted as raters in a role-play assisted training session after which they rated the PAS-SI in their native language. The intra-class correlation was computed to index reliability. RESULTS: The weighted intra-class correlation for absolute agreement and consistency was .77. CONCLUSIONS: The PAS-SI provides reliable and consistent data on premorbid functioning.
BACKGROUND: The Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) is a widely used rating scale to assess premorbid functioning retrospectively. Despite its widespread use there is no published structured interview (SI) schedule and little is known about the reliability of the instrument. OBJECTIVE: To design and test the reliability of a structured interview schedule for the PAS, the PAS-SI, across different cultures. METHODS: Starting from PAS items and response options, questions were prepared that lead to a response option. Instructions to skip certain items, for example, quality of friendships after a person noted no friends, were provided. Additional instructions were prepared including guidelines to determine the first onset of psychotic symptoms thereby ensuring that the interview is only directed to premorbid functioning. The interview was translated from English into Hebrew, Portuguese, French, Dutch (Flemish), Turkish, Italian, Lithuanian, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, and Romanian and tested for inter-rater reliability "in nine of these languages". Eighty-four psychiatrists from 10 different countries acted as raters in a role-play assisted training session after which they rated the PAS-SI in their native language. The intra-class correlation was computed to index reliability. RESULTS: The weighted intra-class correlation for absolute agreement and consistency was .77. CONCLUSIONS: The PAS-SI provides reliable and consistent data on premorbid functioning.
Authors: A P Rajkumar; B Poonkuzhali; A Kuruvilla; A Srivastava; M Jacob; K S Jacob Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2012-06-15 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: Laura Ferraro; Caterina La Cascia; Diego Quattrone; Lucia Sideli; Domenica Matranga; Veronica Capuccio; Giada Tripoli; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Craig Morgan; Musa B Sami; Pak Sham; Lieuwe de Haan; Eva Velthorst; Hannah E Jongsma; James B Kirkbride; Bart P F Rutten; Alexander L Richards; Laura Roldan; Celso Arango; Miquel Bernardo; Julio Bobes; Julio Sanjuan; Jose Luis Santos; Manuel Arrojo; Ilaria Tarricone; Andrea Tortelli; Andrei Szöke; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Jean-Paul Selten; Michael Lynskey; Peter B Jones; Jim Van Os; Daniele La Barbera; Robin M Murray; Marta Di Forti Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2020-04-10 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Peter J Uhlhaas; Ruchika Gajwani; Joachim Gross; Andrew I Gumley; Stephen M Lawrie; Matthias Schwannauer Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2017-01-26 Impact factor: 3.630
Authors: Laura Ferraro; Caterina La Cascia; Daniele La Barbera; Teresa Sanchez-Gutierrez; Giada Tripoli; Fabio Seminerio; Crocettarachele Sartorio; Giovanna Marrazzo; Lucia Sideli; Celso Arango; Manuel Arrojo; Miguel Bernardo; Julio Bobes; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Hannah E Jongsma; James B Kirkbride; Antonio Lasalvia; Sarah Tosato; Pierre-Michel Llorca; Paulo Rossi Menezes; Bart P Rutten; Jose Luis Santos; Julio Sanjuán; Jean-Paul Selten; Andrei Szöke; Ilaria Tarricone; Roberto Muratori; Andrea Tortelli; Eva Velthorst; Victoria Rodriguez; Andrea Quattrone; Peter B Jones; Jim Van Os; Evangelos Vassos; Craig Morgan; Lieuwe de Haan; Ulrich Reininghaus; Alastair G Cardno; Marta Di Forti; Robin M Murray; Diego Quattrone Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2021-08-14 Impact factor: 4.939