Urogenital complications of Crohn's disease.

Urogenital complications in Crohn's disease is a very narrow, specific area for consideration. The most frequent conditions that fall under this rubric include fistulous disease involving the genitourinary tract, nephrolithiasis, intrinsic renal diseases associated with Crohn's disease, and considerations in those who have had surgical procedures that alter normal pelvic anatomy. Fistulas involving the ureters, urinary bladder, and vagina are discussed. Nephrolithiasis is commonly in the form of calcium oxalate and uric acid, and is a well-known complication of Crohn's disease secondary to multiple mechanisms. Intrinsic renal disease is relatively rare and includes interstitial nephritis, amyloidosis, IgA nephropathy, and obstructive uropathy. Women who have undergone ileopouch anal anastomosis procedures are at risk for sexual dysfunction, dyspareunia, and decreased fecundity.