An experimental model of intraoperative venous injury in the rat.

Intraoperative obliteration of cerebral veins occasionally causes unexpected severe complications, especially in elderly patients. However, very title information is available on the pathophysiology of cerebral venous circulation disturbance. Occlusion of cortical veins in rats by a photochemical thrombotic technique is a less invasive, clinically relevant and reproducible model that is suitable for the study of venous circulation disturbance. In the present study, 54 male Wistar rats were used. We examined changes of the cerebral venous flow pattern by fluorescence anglography and brain damage histologically in a one- or two-(cortical) vein occlusion model using a photochemical thrombotic technique. Approximately 30% (9 of 27) of animals in the single-vein occlusion group and 90% (15 of 17) of those in the two-vein occlusion group had microcirculation perturbation, which results very soon in the formation of venous thrombus accompanied by severe venous infarction. In addition, infarction size in the two-vein occlusion group (9.7 +/- 3.2%) was significantly larger than in the single-vein group (2.9 +/- 1.3%) (unpaired T-test, P < 0.01).In conclusion, the photochemical dye technique of attaining cerebral venous occlusion is a worth while addition to the study of circulation perturbations of the brain.