Rhinitis in the elderly.

Very little has been published regarding rhinitis in the elderly. Changes in the nose due to aging include structural, hormonal, mucosal, olfactory, and neural effects. The effects of polypharmacy may contribute to causing congestion and dryness. Physicians should look for treatable causes of rhinitis such as allergic rhinitis or rhinosinusitis, and rule out neurodegenerative disorders if applicable. Treatments that may provide symptomatic relief include humidification and antiallergy therapies. Surgery for structural and skin conditions of the external nose may also provide relief in some cases. As the U.S. population ages and remains in overall better health, we may learn more about the effects of aging on rhinitis.