Patient burden of trigeminal neuralgia: results from a cross-sectional survey of health state impairment and treatment patterns in six European countries.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an uncommon neuropathic condition associated with excruciating facial pain. It is important to determine the effect of TN pain on patient functioning and to characterize relevant pharmacologic treatment patterns and health resource utilization in general practice. Eighty-two patients with TN were identified in a general practice setting during an observational survey of broad neuropathic pain syndromes in six European countries. Patients answered a questionnaire that included pain severity and interference items from the modified Short Form Brief Pain Inventory (mBPI-SF), the EuroQol Survey of functioning and well-being (EQ-5D), and questions related to current treatment, health status, and resource utilization. Physicians provided information on medications prescribed for TN pain and pain-related comorbidities (anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance). The mean patient age was 62.7 +/- 15.8 years, 46% were > or =65 years, and 66% of patients had TN >1 year of duration. The mean Pain Severity Index was 4.2 (range 0-10), reflecting moderate pain despite 94% of patients taking prescription medications for their TN pain. Prescription medications included carbamazepine (mean daily dose 534.1 +/- 269.8 mg), the recommended first-line pharmacologic therapy for TN. Pain severity was significantly associated with reduced EQ-5D health state valuation (P < 0.001) and greater pain interference (mBPI-SF) (P < 0.001). These findings demonstrate that TN pain presents a substantial patient burden expressed as interference with daily functioning and reduced health status associated with pain severity. This burden may result from both suboptimal management strategies and the frequent resistance of this neuropathic condition to treatment, and suggests a need for more effective pain management strategies.