Time-resolved fluorescence imaging of islet cell autoantibodies.

Time-resolved fluorescence of lanthanide chelates has been widely used in bioanalytical assays. Long fluorescence time, large Stokes shift, and minute fading out of the fluorescence over years are major advantages of the lanthanides over the conventional fluorescent dyes. We have now applied time-resolved fluorescence imaging (TRFI) also for measurement of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-related islet cell autoantibodies (ICA). Retaining the accuracy of conventional ICA, TRFI has over 10 times better signal-to-noise ratio than the conventional fluorochromes. The technology allows objective determination of fluorescence intensity with the camera and computer software, and serial dilutions for obtaining the antibody titer in autoantibody-positive samples are unnecessary. We now describe the TRFI as a method and its application for measurement of ICA.