Invasive esophageal aspergillosis associated with acute myelogenous leukemia: successful therapy with combination caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B.

Aspergillosis is one of the most common invasive fungal infections in patients with leukemia. In this patient group, this form of Aspergillus infection is a life-threatening condition with a mortality of 50-100%. The lungs are most often affected, but the esophagus can also be involved.The authors report the case of a child with leukemia who developed invasive esophageal aspergillosis. The condition was diagnosed by microscopic examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens. The patient was already receiving empirical liposomal amphotericin B when the diagnosis was made, so a second antifungal (caspofungin) was added to the regimen. This combination was successful. This case to demonstrates a case of successful treatment of invasive esophageal aspergillosis using combination therapy of liposomal amphotericin B and caspofungin.