Low dose epirubicin for hypercalcemia associated with renal pelvis carcinoma.

We present a case of hypercalcemia associated with a renal pelvis squamous neoplasm. Severe hyperleukocytosis was also present, resembling a leukaemoid reaction. After failure of standard therapy, we performed a trial of low dose epirubicin in this patient, obtaining a short-term clinical remission. Although a palliative non-toxic effect seems to be achievable with this approach, further studies are needed to ascertain the role of chemotherapy in the long-term control of this condition.