STUDY DESIGN AND OBJECTIVES: A 3-dimensional multi-segment kinematic spine model was developed for noninvasive analysis of spinal motion during walking. Preliminary data from able-bodied ambulators were collected and analyzed using the model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Neither the spine's role during walking nor the effect of surgical spinal stabilization on gait is fully understood. Typically, gait analysis models disregard the spine entirely or regard it as a single rigid structure. Data on regional spinal movements, in conjunction with lower limb data, associated with walking are scarce. METHODS: KinTrak software (Motion Analysis Corp., Santa Rosa, CA) was used to create a biomechanical model for analysis of 3-dimensional regional spinal movements. Measuring known angles from a mechanical model and comparing them to the calculated angles validated the kinematic model. Spine motion data were collected from 10 able-bodied adults walking at 5 self-selected speeds. These results were compared to data reported in the literature. RESULTS: The uniaxial angles measured on the mechanical model were within 5 degrees of the calculated kinematic model angles, and the coupled angles were within 2 degrees. Regional spine kinematics from able-bodied subjects calculated with this model compared well to data reported by other authors. CONCLUSIONS: A multi-segment kinematic spine model has been developed and validated for analysis of spinal motion during walking. By understanding the spine's role during ambulation and the cause-and-effect relationship between spine motion and lower limb motion, preoperative planning may be augmented to restore normal alignment and balance with minimal negative effects on walking.
STUDY DESIGN AND OBJECTIVES: A 3-dimensional multi-segment kinematic spine model was developed for noninvasive analysis of spinal motion during walking. Preliminary data from able-bodied ambulators were collected and analyzed using the model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Neither the spine's role during walking nor the effect of surgical spinal stabilization on gait is fully understood. Typically, gait analysis models disregard the spine entirely or regard it as a single rigid structure. Data on regional spinal movements, in conjunction with lower limb data, associated with walking are scarce. METHODS: KinTrak software (Motion Analysis Corp., Santa Rosa, CA) was used to create a biomechanical model for analysis of 3-dimensional regional spinal movements. Measuring known angles from a mechanical model and comparing them to the calculated angles validated the kinematic model. Spine motion data were collected from 10 able-bodied adults walking at 5 self-selected speeds. These results were compared to data reported in the literature. RESULTS: The uniaxial angles measured on the mechanical model were within 5 degrees of the calculated kinematic model angles, and the coupled angles were within 2 degrees. Regional spine kinematics from able-bodied subjects calculated with this model compared well to data reported by other authors. CONCLUSIONS: A multi-segment kinematic spine model has been developed and validated for analysis of spinal motion during walking. By understanding the spine's role during ambulation and the cause-and-effect relationship between spine motion and lower limb motion, preoperative planning may be augmented to restore normal alignment and balance with minimal negative effects on walking.
Authors: Heather Ting Ma; James F Griffith; Zhengyi Yang; Anthony Wai Leung Kwok; Ping Chung Leung; Raymond Y W Lee Journal: Med Biol Eng Comput Date: 2009-05-21 Impact factor: 2.602
Authors: Stefan Schmid; Daniel Studer; Carol-Claudius Hasler; Jacqueline Romkes; William R Taylor; Reinald Brunner; Silvio Lorenzetti Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-08-13 Impact factor: 3.240