Inhibitory control in children with phenylketonuria.

Past studies have reported impairments in children with early-treated phenylketonuria (PKU) in executive abilities such as strategic processing and working memory. Findings have been inconsistent in terms of the integrity of inhibitory control, another executive ability. This study administered 4 inhibitory tasks (flanker, Stroop, go/no-go, antisaccade) to 26 children with PKU and 25 typically developing control children. Children with PKU performed more poorly than typically developing children on the 2 inhibitory tasks with the strongest experimental manipulations (go/no-go and antisaccade) between control and inhibitory conditions. Findings suggest that the inhibitory deficit associated with PKU is subtle and that inconsistent findings in past studies may be largely due to the insensitivity of experimental manipulations in some tasks.