BACKGROUND: Childhood onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare but severe form of the adult onset disorder. While structural brain imaging studies show robust, widespread, and progressive gray matter loss in COS during adolescence, there have been no longitudinal studies of sufficient duration to examine comparability with the more common adult onset illness. METHODS: Neuro-anatomic magnetic resonance scans were obtained prospectively from ages 7 through 26 in 70 children diagnosed with COS and age and sex matched healthy controls. Cortical thickness was measured at 40,962 points across the cerebral hemispheres using a novel, fully automated, validated method. Patterns of patient-control differences in cortical development were compared over a 19-year period. RESULTS: Throughout the age range, the COS group had significantly smaller mean cortical thickness compared to controls. However, the COS brain developmental trajectory appeared to normalize in posterior (parietal) regions, and remained divergent in the anterior regions (frontal and temporal) regions, and the pattern of loss became more like that seen in adults. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thickness loss in COS appears to localize with age to prefrontal and temporal regions that are seen for both medication naïve and medicated adult onset patients.
BACKGROUND: Childhood onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare but severe form of the adult onset disorder. While structural brain imaging studies show robust, widespread, and progressive gray matter loss in COS during adolescence, there have been no longitudinal studies of sufficient duration to examine comparability with the more common adult onset illness. METHODS: Neuro-anatomic magnetic resonance scans were obtained prospectively from ages 7 through 26 in 70 children diagnosed with COS and age and sex matched healthy controls. Cortical thickness was measured at 40,962 points across the cerebral hemispheres using a novel, fully automated, validated method. Patterns of patient-control differences in cortical development were compared over a 19-year period. RESULTS: Throughout the age range, the COS group had significantly smaller mean cortical thickness compared to controls. However, the COS brain developmental trajectory appeared to normalize in posterior (parietal) regions, and remained divergent in the anterior regions (frontal and temporal) regions, and the pattern of loss became more like that seen in adults. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thickness loss in COS appears to localize with age to prefrontal and temporal regions that are seen for both medication naïve and medicated adult onset patients.
Authors: Jay N Giedd; Rhoshel K Lenroot; Philip Shaw; Francois Lalonde; Mark Celano; Samantha White; Julia Tossell; Anjene Addington; Nitin Gogtay Journal: Novartis Found Symp Date: 2008
Authors: Nitin Gogtay; Allen Lu; Alex D Leow; Andrea D Klunder; Agatha D Lee; Alex Chavez; Deanna Greenstein; Jay N Giedd; Arthur W Toga; Judith L Rapoport; Paul M Thompson Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2008-10-13 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Tara A Niendam; Kimberly L Ray; Ana-Maria Iosif; Tyler A Lesh; Stefania R Ashby; Pooja K Patel; Jason Smucny; Emilio Ferrer; Marjorie Solomon; J Daniel Ragland; Cameron S Carter Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2018-12-01 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Anna E Ordóñez; Frances F Loeb; Xueping Zhou; Lorie Shora; Rebecca A Berman; Diane D Broadnax; Peter Gochman; Siyuan Liu; Judith L Rapoport Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2016-07-01 Impact factor: 8.829