Eileen E Birch1, David R Stager. 1. Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas 75231, USA. ebirch@retinafoundation.org
Abstract
PURPOSE: The proper timing of surgery for infantile esotropia remains controversial. Early surgery may yield better sensory outcomes whereas later surgery may result in better alignment. Several recent studies reported promising sensory outcomes in small groups of children that underwent surgery by 6 months of age. Here, we present motor and sensory outcomes of a cohort of 50 consecutive children enrolled in a prospective study who had surgery by 6 months of age and were followed for 4-17 years. METHODS: Angle of deviation, subsequent surgeries, treatment with spectacles, amblyopia, fusion, and stereopsis were evaluated during follow-up. Outcomes from the early surgery group were compared with a concurrently recruited cohort who had surgery at 7-12 months (n=78). RESULTS: On the initial visit, both cohorts had the same median angle of deviation (45(Delta)) and similar refractive error; the median angle of deviation increased by the final preop visit (55(Delta)). Postoperatively, both cohorts had alignment within 6(Delta) in 83-94% of cases on all visits. Both cohorts had similar rates of additional surgery, and 44-48% wore hyperopic correction postoperatively. Compared with the 7- to 12-month cohort, more children in the early-surgery cohort had peripheral fusion (78% vs 61%; p < 0.02), central fusion (15% vs 2%; p < 0.01), Randot stereopsis (38% vs 16%; p < 0.003), and Randot stereoacuity of 200 seconds or better (20% vs 9%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Early surgery was associated with a higher prevalence of fusion and stereopsis, without adverse motor outcomes.
PURPOSE: The proper timing of surgery for infantile esotropia remains controversial. Early surgery may yield better sensory outcomes whereas later surgery may result in better alignment. Several recent studies reported promising sensory outcomes in small groups of children that underwent surgery by 6 months of age. Here, we present motor and sensory outcomes of a cohort of 50 consecutive children enrolled in a prospective study who had surgery by 6 months of age and were followed for 4-17 years. METHODS: Angle of deviation, subsequent surgeries, treatment with spectacles, amblyopia, fusion, and stereopsis were evaluated during follow-up. Outcomes from the early surgery group were compared with a concurrently recruited cohort who had surgery at 7-12 months (n=78). RESULTS: On the initial visit, both cohorts had the same median angle of deviation (45(Delta)) and similar refractive error; the median angle of deviation increased by the final preop visit (55(Delta)). Postoperatively, both cohorts had alignment within 6(Delta) in 83-94% of cases on all visits. Both cohorts had similar rates of additional surgery, and 44-48% wore hyperopic correction postoperatively. Compared with the 7- to 12-month cohort, more children in the early-surgery cohort had peripheral fusion (78% vs 61%; p < 0.02), central fusion (15% vs 2%; p < 0.01), Randot stereopsis (38% vs 16%; p < 0.003), and Randot stereoacuity of 200 seconds or better (20% vs 9%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Early surgery was associated with a higher prevalence of fusion and stereopsis, without adverse motor outcomes.
Authors: Eileen E Birch; Simone L Li; Reed M Jost; Sarah E Morale; Angie De La Cruz; David Stager; Lori Dao; David R Stager Journal: J AAPOS Date: 2015-02 Impact factor: 1.220
Authors: Christina Gambacorta; Mor Nahum; Indu Vedamurthy; Jessica Bayliss; Josh Jordan; Daphne Bavelier; Dennis M Levi Journal: Vision Res Date: 2018-05-12 Impact factor: 1.886