Induced reversion of a spontaneous point mutation within the Chinese hamster HPRT gene to the wild-type sequence.

The Chinese hamster hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT)-deficient cell line TG15 produces apparently normal HPRT mRNA by northern analysis and was therefore presumed to contain a point mutation within the coding region. Sequencing cDNA from the TG15 cell line revealed an A to G transition which results in the substitution of the amino acid glycine for aspartic acid at position 135. TG15 cells revert to wild-type HPRT activity upon exposure to monofunctional alkylating agents. A rapid test to assay the site of the TG15 point mutation has been developed, utilizing the polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific oligonucleotide screening. In all revertants studied, the original point mutation has been corrected to the wild-type sequence. The TG15 point mutation lies within a proposed catalytic domain of the HPRT protein in common with other phosphoribosyltransferases.