[Physiopathogenesis of hypertension].

Arterial hypertension is one of major cardiovascular risk factors in the world. Many pathophysiologic factors have been implicated in the genesis of hypertension such as increased sympathetic nervous system activity, overproduction of sodium-retaining hormones and vasoconstrictors, increased or inappropriate renin secretion with resultant increased production of angiotensin II and aldosterone, deficiencies of vasodilators, vascular reactivity, vascular remodeling, production of inflammatory molecules and endothelial dysfunction. On the other hand, the hereditary nature of this disease has been well established in many familial studies The quantitative contribution of genetic factors to blood pressure variance is estimated to be about 30%.