| Literature DB >> 17011149 |
Abstract
The recent literature brings nothing new since it provides only fragmented, though undoubtedly useful, studies which remain within the prevalence interval for the different bacterias. The occurrence of germs varies with time and space; nevertheless, whatever the studied series and the site of the studies, the 3 most frequent causal germs belong to the following five strains: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Legionella pneumophila. Thus, 90% of all documented pneumoniae appear to be caused by the following pathogens: Pneumococcus; most frequent in hospitalized patients; Mycoplasma, Chlamydia and respiratory viruses were predominant in outpatients, with great variations; Staphylococcus and enterobacteriace may be encountered, mostly in elderlies with major debilitating diseases; association of germs, generally including pneumococcus, are increasingly identified. Last, in 25% to 50% of cases, the causal agent is not known. Recently, some Staphylococcus meticillin-resistant were identified. The diagnosis of viruses (as well as that of atypical bacterias) seems to have improved, thanks to the use of PCR though the interest of such a diagnosis remains questionable, except for epidemiological studies, as well as the relevance of this type of test in clinical practice. Nothing really new has come out on the epidemiology of acute bronchitis, while in bacterial exacerbation of COPD, attention focused on the colonizing or infective role of H. influenzae in the genesis of bronchus inflammation.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2006 PMID: 17011149 PMCID: PMC7130493 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2006.05.013
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Med Mal Infect ISSN: 0399-077X Impact factor: 2.152
Données épidémiologies rapportées par diverses institutions
| SPILF | Afssaps | IDSA | ATS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnostic microbiologique | 50 à 75 % | 40 à 84 % | 40 à 60 % | 30 à 80 % |
| Pneumocoque première cause de PAC | + | + | + | + |
| Pneumocoque | 30 à 47 % | Deux tiers des bactériémies | 20 % PAC ville jusqu'à 60 % à l'hôpital | |
| 5,5 à 22 % | 3 à 10 % | |||
| 7,4 à 12 % jusqu'à 23 % | 10 % | 10 % | ||
| 5 à 10 % | 12 % | 10 % | ||
| 5 à 15 % | 10 % | |||
| > 10 % en réa | ||||
| Virus | 20 à 25 % | 10 à 30 % | 10 % | Jusqu'à 36 % en ville |
| Staphylocoques, entérobactéries | < 5 % | 0 à 33 % (patients institutionnalisés) | 5 à 10 % (+ facteurs de risques) 22 % en réa | |
| Plus de deux étiologies | 2,5 % | Quelques % |