Different outcome of allogeneic transplantation in myelofibrosis using conventional or reduced-intensity conditioning regimens.

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only curative treatment of myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM). Previous reports have indicated significant treatment-related mortality (TRM) for patients transplanted after myeloablative conditioning but superior survival has been reported after reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). We report the results of a survey of all allogeneic transplantations for MMM performed in Sweden at six transplant units between 1982 and 2004. Twenty-seven patients were transplanted; 17 with a myeloablative conditioning regimen and 10 with RIC. The median age was 50 years (5-63 years) at transplantation. After a median follow up of 55 months, 20 patients are alive. TRM was 10% in the RIC group and 30% in the myeloablative group. There was no difference in survival for high or low-risk patients according to Cervantes score or between sibling and unrelated donor transplantations.