BACKGROUND: Effects of fish oil supplements on metabolic variables are insufficiently clarified in type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate short-term (1 wk) and longer-term (9 wk) effects of n-3 fatty acids. DESIGN:Twenty-six subjects with type 2 diabetes without hypertriacylglycerolemia participated in a double-blind controlled study. Median intake in the intervention group was 17.6 mL fish oil/d (1.8 g 20:5n-3, 3.0 g 22:6n-3, and 5.9 g total n-3 fatty acids). The control group received 17.8 mL corn oil/d (8.5 g 18:2n-6). RESULTS: Plasma phospholipid 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 increased, whereas 18:2n-6 decreased, in the fish oil group compared with the corn oil group after 1 wk. The two n-3 fatty acids also increased in adipose tissue biopsy samples taken after 9 wk in the fish oil group. Glucose concentrations (home-monitored) were approximately 1 mmol/L higher in the fish oil group than in the corn oil group at the end of the intervention (P = 0.035). Glucose utilization measured by using an isoglycemic clamp was lowered in the fish oil group compared with that in the corn oil group at the end of the intervention (P = 0.049), whereas glucagon-stimulated C-peptide tended to increase (P = 0.078). The fish oil group utilized less fat for oxidation after 1 wk, with a change to more fat and less carbohydrate oxidation after 9 wk (P = 0.040), than did the corn oil group. CONCLUSION: A high intake of fish oil moderately increases blood glucose and decreases insulin sensitivity in persons with type 2 diabetes without hypertriacylglycerolemia and alters carbohydrate and fat utilization in a time-dependent manner.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Effects of fish oil supplements on metabolic variables are insufficiently clarified in type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate short-term (1 wk) and longer-term (9 wk) effects of n-3 fatty acids. DESIGN: Twenty-six subjects with type 2 diabetes without hypertriacylglycerolemia participated in a double-blind controlled study. Median intake in the intervention group was 17.6 mL fish oil/d (1.8 g 20:5n-3, 3.0 g 22:6n-3, and 5.9 g total n-3 fatty acids). The control group received 17.8 mL corn oil/d (8.5 g 18:2n-6). RESULTS: Plasma phospholipid 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 increased, whereas 18:2n-6 decreased, in the fish oil group compared with the corn oil group after 1 wk. The two n-3 fatty acids also increased in adipose tissue biopsy samples taken after 9 wk in the fish oil group. Glucose concentrations (home-monitored) were approximately 1 mmol/L higher in the fish oil group than in the corn oil group at the end of the intervention (P = 0.035). Glucose utilization measured by using an isoglycemic clamp was lowered in the fish oil group compared with that in the corn oil group at the end of the intervention (P = 0.049), whereas glucagon-stimulated C-peptide tended to increase (P = 0.078). The fish oil group utilized less fat for oxidation after 1 wk, with a change to more fat and less carbohydrate oxidation after 9 wk (P = 0.040), than did the corn oil group. CONCLUSION: A high intake of fish oil moderately increases blood glucose and decreases insulin sensitivity in persons with type 2 diabetes without hypertriacylglycerolemia and alters carbohydrate and fat utilization in a time-dependent manner.
Authors: Lisa M Neff; Jill Culiner; Susanna Cunningham-Rundles; Cynthia Seidman; Diane Meehan; Janet Maturi; Knut M Wittkowski; Barbara Levine; Jan L Breslow Journal: J Nutr Date: 2010-12-22 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Zeina Makhoul; Alan R Kristal; Roman Gulati; Bret Luick; Andrea Bersamin; Bert Boyer; Gerald V Mohatt Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2010-01-20 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Manas Kaushik; Dariush Mozaffarian; Donna Spiegelman; JoAnn E Manson; Walter C Willett; Frank B Hu Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2009-07-22 Impact factor: 7.045