BACKGROUND: The predisposition, or diathesis, to schizophrenia is highly heritable. The manner in which this genetic diathesis is manifest in the central nervous system is largely unknown, although healthy relatives of schizophrenia patients show executive processing deficits associated with prefrontal cortical impairments. METHODS: The current study evaluated brain activity in 21 healthy relatives of schizophrenia patients and 20 demographically similar control subjects during correct trials on a stimulus-response incompatibility task. During the first part of each trial, participants represented and maintained the instruction for that trial; during the second part, participants used the instruction either to make an automatic response or to overcome this prepotent response. RESULTS: Behaviorally, relatives were slower when overcoming the prepotent response. Analyses focused on the first part of the trial indicated that both groups showed activity in middle frontal (Brodmann areas 46 and 9) and anterior cingulate (Brodmann area 32) gyri. However, control subjects showed significantly greater activity in dorsal prefrontal cortex (Brodmann areas 9, 8, and 6) when preparing to overcome the prepotent response, whereas patients' relatives showed prefrontal activity later, when making the response. CONCLUSIONS: Using an event-related design showed distinct prefrontal brain abnormalities associated with the genetic diathesis to schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: The predisposition, or diathesis, to schizophrenia is highly heritable. The manner in which this genetic diathesis is manifest in the central nervous system is largely unknown, although healthy relatives of schizophreniapatients show executive processing deficits associated with prefrontal cortical impairments. METHODS: The current study evaluated brain activity in 21 healthy relatives of schizophreniapatients and 20 demographically similar control subjects during correct trials on a stimulus-response incompatibility task. During the first part of each trial, participants represented and maintained the instruction for that trial; during the second part, participants used the instruction either to make an automatic response or to overcome this prepotent response. RESULTS: Behaviorally, relatives were slower when overcoming the prepotent response. Analyses focused on the first part of the trial indicated that both groups showed activity in middle frontal (Brodmann areas 46 and 9) and anterior cingulate (Brodmann area 32) gyri. However, control subjects showed significantly greater activity in dorsal prefrontal cortex (Brodmann areas 9, 8, and 6) when preparing to overcome the prepotent response, whereas patients' relatives showed prefrontal activity later, when making the response. CONCLUSIONS: Using an event-related design showed distinct prefrontal brain abnormalities associated with the genetic diathesis to schizophrenia.
Authors: Martina Starc; John D Murray; Nicole Santamauro; Aleksandar Savic; Caroline Diehl; Youngsun T Cho; Vinod Srihari; Peter T Morgan; John H Krystal; Xiao-Jing Wang; Grega Repovs; Alan Anticevic Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2016-10-10 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Fabio Sambataro; Venkata S Mattay; Kristina Thurin; Martin Safrin; Roberta Rasetti; Giuseppe Blasi; Joseph H Callicott; Daniel R Weinberger Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2012-12-05 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Markus Thimm; Axel Krug; Thilo Kellermann; Valentin Markov; Sören Krach; Andreas Jansen; Klaus Zerres; Thomas Eggermann; Tony Stöcker; N Jon Shah; Markus M Nöthen; Marcella Rietschel; Tilo Kircher Journal: Behav Brain Funct Date: 2010-09-16 Impact factor: 3.759
Authors: Valentin Markov; Axel Krug; Sören Krach; Andreas Jansen; Thomas Eggermann; Karl Zerres; Tony Stöcker; N Jon Shah; Markus M Nöthen; Jens Treutlein; Marcella Rietschel; Tilo Kircher Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2010-02 Impact factor: 5.038