Strain differences in whole-body protein turnover in the chicken embryo.

1. Whether or not there is a strain difference in embryonic whole-body protein turnover rates was tested using the chicken embryos of Rhode Island Red carrying a sex-linked dwarf gene (dwarf), White Leghorn (layer), and White Cornish X White Plymouth Rock (broiler) strains on day 12 of incubation. 2. Whole-body protein synthesis was estimated by injecting L-[15N]-phenylalanine either intraperitoneally or intravenously on day 12 of incubation in order to investigate the effect of the route of isotope administration. The results showed that the values for fractional and absolute synthesis rates were approximately 13% higher by intravenous injection than by intraperitoneal injection. 3. Whole-body protein turnover, both in terms of fractional and absolute rates, was significantly faster in dwarf than in broiler embryos, with intermediate values in layer embryos, although no growth differences were observed on day 12. 4. Difference in egg weight, measured before incubation, did not affect protein turnover. 5. It was concluded that the strain difference manifested in whole-body protein turnover of the chicken embryo would probably be a reflection of differences in genetic background.