Potential future targets for treating ocular neovascularization.

A wide variety of mediators likely contribute to ocular NV and these can serve as potential targets for the treatment of ocular NV. Several targets have already been validated in preclinical models and are being explored in clinical studies. In addition, targeting other processes besides angiogenesis, such as inflammation and apoptosis, may be beneficial in the treatment of ocular NV. Combined approaches with the use of several angiogenesis inhibitors or anti-inflammatory agents may show synergistic effects in treating ocular NV.