RATIONALE: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with increased reports of respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function, but the long-term effects of ETS are unclear, notably in healthy individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). OBJECTIVE: To assess the longitudinal effects of ETS exposure on the development of respiratory symptoms and spirometry in subjects with BHR. METHODS: The study population included 1,661 never-smokers from the SAPALDIA (Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) cohort, assessed in 1991 (baseline) and 11 yr later, who were symptom-free at baseline. Incident reports of respiratory symptoms and results of spirometry were assessed at the follow-up survey. MAIN RESULTS: Exposure to ETS reported in the two surveys was strongly associated with the development of cough (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-3.7; p = 0.01). In subjects with BHR exposed to ETS at both surveys, a trend for strong associations were observed for wheeze, cough, dyspnea, and chronic bronchitis; however, the association reached statistical significance only for the symptom of dyspnea (p < 0.01). Lower FEV1/FVC (mean +/- SD, 72.9 +/- 7.7 vs. 76.8 +/- 6.1%; p < 0.01) and FEF(25-75) (forced expiratory flow, midexpiratory phase)/FVC (mean +/- SD, 56.1 +/- 22.5 vs. 68.1 +/- 21.6%; p < 0.01) were observed in subjects with BHR exposed to ETS compared with nonexposed subjects without BHR. Lower values were found in subjects continuing exposure by the follow-up survey. CONCLUSION: Exposure to ETS was strongly associated with the development of respiratory symptoms in previously asymptomatic subjects with BHR within 11 yr. Furthermore, subjects with underlying BHR had reduced lung function at follow-up, thus suggesting a higher risk for the development of chronic respiratory disease in this subset of the population.
RATIONALE: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with increased reports of respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function, but the long-term effects of ETS are unclear, notably in healthy individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). OBJECTIVE: To assess the longitudinal effects of ETS exposure on the development of respiratory symptoms and spirometry in subjects with BHR. METHODS: The study population included 1,661 never-smokers from the SAPALDIA (Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) cohort, assessed in 1991 (baseline) and 11 yr later, who were symptom-free at baseline. Incident reports of respiratory symptoms and results of spirometry were assessed at the follow-up survey. MAIN RESULTS: Exposure to ETS reported in the two surveys was strongly associated with the development of cough (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-3.7; p = 0.01). In subjects with BHR exposed to ETS at both surveys, a trend for strong associations were observed for wheeze, cough, dyspnea, and chronic bronchitis; however, the association reached statistical significance only for the symptom of dyspnea (p < 0.01). Lower FEV1/FVC (mean +/- SD, 72.9 +/- 7.7 vs. 76.8 +/- 6.1%; p < 0.01) and FEF(25-75) (forced expiratory flow, midexpiratory phase)/FVC (mean +/- SD, 56.1 +/- 22.5 vs. 68.1 +/- 21.6%; p < 0.01) were observed in subjects with BHR exposed to ETS compared with nonexposed subjects without BHR. Lower values were found in subjects continuing exposure by the follow-up survey. CONCLUSION: Exposure to ETS was strongly associated with the development of respiratory symptoms in previously asymptomatic subjects with BHR within 11 yr. Furthermore, subjects with underlying BHR had reduced lung function at follow-up, thus suggesting a higher risk for the development of chronic respiratory disease in this subset of the population.
Authors: M H Brutsche; S H Downs; C Schindler; M W Gerbase; J Schwartz; M Frey; E W Russi; U Ackermann-Liebrich; P Leuenberger Journal: Thorax Date: 2006-05-02 Impact factor: 9.139
Authors: D F Jansen; J P Schouten; J M Vonk; B Rijcken; W Timens; J Kraan; S T Weiss; D S Postma Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 1999-07 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: B W Martin; U Ackermann-Liebrich; P Leuenberger; N Künzli; E Z Stutz; R Keller; J P Zellweger; B Wüthrich; C Monn; K Blaser; G Bolognini; J P Bongard; O Brändli; P Braun; C Defila; G Domenighetti; L Grize; W Karrer; H Keller-Wossidlo; T C Medici; A Peeters; A P Perruchoud; C Schindler; M H Schoeni; B Villiger Journal: Soz Praventivmed Date: 1997
Authors: P Vineis; L Airoldi; F Veglia; L Olgiati; R Pastorelli; H Autrup; A Dunning; S Garte; E Gormally; P Hainaut; C Malaveille; G Matullo; M Peluso; K Overvad; A Tjonneland; F Clavel-Chapelon; H Boeing; V Krogh; D Palli; S Panico; R Tumino; B Bueno-De-Mesquita; P Peeters; G Berglund; G Hallmans; R Saracci; E Riboli Journal: BMJ Date: 2005-01-28
Authors: Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich; Birgit Kuna-Dibbert; Nicole M Probst-Hensch; Christian Schindler; Denise Felber Dietrich; Elisabeth Zemp Stutz; Lucy Bayer-Oglesby; Felix Baum; Otto Brändli; Martin Brutsche; Sara H Downs; Dirk Keidel; Margaret W Gerbase; Medea Imboden; Roland Keller; Bruno Knöpfli; Nino Künzli; Laurent Nicod; Marco Pons; Patricia Staedele; Jean-Marie Tschopp; Jean-Pierre Zellweger; Philippe Leuenberger Journal: Soz Praventivmed Date: 2005
Authors: Mark D Eisner; John Balmes; Patricia P Katz; Laura Trupin; Edward H Yelin; Paul D Blanc Journal: Environ Health Date: 2005-05-12 Impact factor: 5.984