BACKGROUND: Co-factor ACTR is frequently overexpressed and/or amplified in multiple types of tumors. The mechanism of its function in prostate cancer (CaP) is still unclear. METHODS: The effects of ACTR and androgen receptor (AR) depletion on cell proliferation and gene expression and their functions were analyzed in a panel of androgen-dependent and -independent CaP cells and CWR22 xenograft. RESULTS: ACTR and AR, but not TIF2, are required for proliferation of androgen-dependent and -independent cells, and for tumor growth. While AR depletion inhibited the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin B, and cdc2, ACTR depletion reduced the expression of cyclin E and cdk2. In response to serum stimulation, AR and ACTR are recruited to the corresponding target gene promoters to activate their expression in androgen-independent manner. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that AR and ACTR may play important roles in androgen ablation resistance by controlling key cell cycle gene expression. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
BACKGROUND: Co-factor ACTR is frequently overexpressed and/or amplified in multiple types of tumors. The mechanism of its function in prostate cancer (CaP) is still unclear. METHODS: The effects of ACTR and androgen receptor (AR) depletion on cell proliferation and gene expression and their functions were analyzed in a panel of androgen-dependent and -independent CaP cells and CWR22 xenograft. RESULTS: ACTR and AR, but not TIF2, are required for proliferation of androgen-dependent and -independent cells, and for tumor growth. While AR depletion inhibited the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin B, and cdc2, ACTR depletion reduced the expression of cyclin E and cdk2. In response to serum stimulation, AR and ACTR are recruited to the corresponding target gene promoters to activate their expression in androgen-independent manner. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that AR and ACTR may play important roles in androgen ablation resistance by controlling key cell cycle gene expression. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Authors: Jean C-Y Tien; Zhaoliang Liu; Lan Liao; Fen Wang; Yixiang Xu; Ye-Lin Wu; Niya Zhou; Michael Ittmann; Jianming Xu Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2013-05-06 Impact factor: 12.701
Authors: X Edward Zhou; Kelly M Suino-Powell; Jun Li; Yuanzheng He; Jeffrey P Mackeigan; Karsten Melcher; Eu-Leong Yong; H Eric Xu Journal: J Biol Chem Date: 2010-01-19 Impact factor: 5.157
Authors: Jun Yan; Halime Erdem; Rile Li; Yi Cai; Gustavo Ayala; Michael Ittmann; Li-yuan Yu-Lee; Sophia Y Tsai; Ming-Jer Tsai Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2008-07-01 Impact factor: 12.701