Literature DB >> 16919755

A standardized test battery for the study of synesthesia.

David M Eagleman1, Arielle D Kagan, Stephanie S Nelson, Deepak Sagaram, Anand K Sarma.   

Abstract

Synesthesia is an unusual condition in which stimulation of one modality evokes sensation or experience in another modality. Although discussed in the literature well over a century ago, synesthesia slipped out of the scientific spotlight for decades because of the difficulty in verifying and quantifying private perceptual experiences. In recent years, the study of synesthesia has enjoyed a renaissance due to the introduction of tests that demonstrate the reality of the condition, its automatic and involuntary nature, and its measurable perceptual consequences. However, while several research groups now study synesthesia, there is no single protocol for comparing, contrasting and pooling synesthetic subjects across these groups. There is no standard battery of tests, no quantifiable scoring system, and no standard phrasing of questions. Additionally, the tests that exist offer no means for data comparison. To remedy this deficit we have devised the Synesthesia Battery. This unified collection of tests is freely accessible online (http://www.synesthete.org). It consists of a questionnaire and several online software programs, and test results are immediately available for use by synesthetes and invited researchers. Performance on the tests is quantified with a standard scoring system. We introduce several novel tests here, and offer the software for running the tests. By presenting standardized procedures for testing and comparing subjects, this endeavor hopes to speed scientific progress in synesthesia research.

Mesh:

Year:  2006        PMID: 16919755      PMCID: PMC4118597          DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.07.012

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Neurosci Methods        ISSN: 0165-0270            Impact factor:   2.390


  18 in total

1.  Unconscious priming eliminates automatic binding of colour and alphanumeric form in synaesthesia.

Authors:  J B Mattingley; A N Rich; G Yelland; J L Bradshaw
Journal:  Nature       Date:  2001-03-29       Impact factor: 49.962

2.  Five plus two equals yellow.

Authors:  M J Dixon; D Smilek; C Cudahy; P M Merikle
Journal:  Nature       Date:  2000-07-27       Impact factor: 49.962

3.  Synaesthetic photisms influence visual perception.

Authors:  D Smilek; M J Dixon; C Cudahy; P M Merikle
Journal:  J Cogn Neurosci       Date:  2001-10-01       Impact factor: 3.225

4.  Not all synaesthetes are created equal: projector versus associator synaesthetes.

Authors:  Mike J Dixon; Daniel Smilek; Philip M Merikle
Journal:  Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci       Date:  2004-09       Impact factor: 3.282

5.  A systematic, large-scale study of synaesthesia: implications for the role of early experience in lexical-colour associations.

Authors:  A N Rich; J L Bradshaw; J B Mattingley
Journal:  Cognition       Date:  2005-01-08

6.  Sound-colour synaesthesia: to what extent does it use cross-modal mechanisms common to us all?

Authors:  Jamie Ward; Brett Huckstep; Elias Tsakanikos
Journal:  Cortex       Date:  2006-02       Impact factor: 4.027

7.  THE COLORS OF LETTERS.

Authors:  D S Jordan
Journal:  Science       Date:  1917-09-28       Impact factor: 47.728

8.  Synaesthesia: prevalence and familiality.

Authors:  S Baron-Cohen; L Burt; F Smith-Laittan; J Harrison; P Bolton
Journal:  Perception       Date:  1996       Impact factor: 1.490

9.  Linguistic determinants of word colouring in grapheme-colour synaesthesia.

Authors:  Julia Simner; Louise Glover; Alice Mowat
Journal:  Cortex       Date:  2006-02       Impact factor: 4.027

Review 10.  Neurocognitive mechanisms of synesthesia.

Authors:  Edward M Hubbard; V S Ramachandran
Journal:  Neuron       Date:  2005-11-03       Impact factor: 17.173

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  91 in total

1.  Reduced perceptual narrowing in synesthesia.

Authors:  Daphne Maurer; Julian K Ghloum; Laura C Gibson; Marcus R Watson; Lawrence M Chen; Kathleen Akins; James T Enns; Takao K Hensch; Janet F Werker
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2020-04-22       Impact factor: 11.205

2.  Early visual mechanisms do not contribute to synesthetic color experience.

Authors:  Sang Wook Hong; Randolph Blake
Journal:  Vision Res       Date:  2008-03-07       Impact factor: 1.886

3.  Synesthetes perseverate in implicit learning: Evidence from a non-stationary statistical learning task.

Authors:  Kaitlyn R Bankieris; Ting Qian; Richard N Aslin
Journal:  Q J Exp Psychol (Hove)       Date:  2018-12-11       Impact factor: 2.143

4.  Enhanced sensory perception in synaesthesia.

Authors:  Michael J Banissy; Vincent Walsh; Jamie Ward
Journal:  Exp Brain Res       Date:  2009-06-17       Impact factor: 1.972

5.  Kinesthesis can make an invisible hand visible.

Authors:  Kevin C Dieter; Bo Hu; David C Knill; Randolph Blake; Duje Tadin
Journal:  Psychol Sci       Date:  2013-10-30

6.  Acquired synaesthesia following 2C-B use.

Authors:  Steliana Yanakieva; David P Luke; Ashok Jansari; Devin B Terhune
Journal:  Psychopharmacology (Berl)       Date:  2019-04-26       Impact factor: 4.530

7.  Grapheme-color synesthetes show peculiarities in their emotional brain: cortical and subcortical evidence from VBM analysis of 3D-T1 and DTI data.

Authors:  Helena Melero; Ángel Peña-Melián; Marcos Ríos-Lago; Gonzalo Pajares; Juan Antonio Hernández-Tamames; Juan Álvarez-Linera
Journal:  Exp Brain Res       Date:  2013-04-19       Impact factor: 1.972

8.  What is the link between synaesthesia and sound symbolism?

Authors:  Kaitlyn Bankieris; Julia Simner
Journal:  Cognition       Date:  2014-12-10

9.  Pathways to seeing music: enhanced structural connectivity in colored-music synesthesia.

Authors:  Anna Zamm; Gottfried Schlaug; David M Eagleman; Psyche Loui
Journal:  Neuroimage       Date:  2013-02-21       Impact factor: 6.556

10.  Synesthesia strengthens sound-symbolic cross-modal correspondences.

Authors:  Simon Lacey; Margaret Martinez; Kelly McCormick; K Sathian
Journal:  Eur J Neurosci       Date:  2016-09-15       Impact factor: 3.386

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